immune system of body

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Khushbu on Jul 18, 2012 Says :

amaging ppt on immune system with great images and diagrams.

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Slide 1 :

Immunity

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Immunity - Introduction A state of having sufficient biological defenses to avoid infection, disease, or other unwanted biological invasion. Capability of the body to resist harmful microbes from entering the body.

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Immune system

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Defense mechanisms

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Types of immunity Immunity Innate Adaptive Natural Artificial Passive (maternal) Active (infection) Passive (Ab transfer) Active (Immunization)

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Innate immunity (first line of defense)

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First line of defense

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Adaptive Immunity Humoral response Cell- mediated response Extra cellular microbes B lymphocytes Elimination of microbes Phagocytosed microbes in macrophage Dendritic cells display antigen to T cells Intracellular microbes within infected cell T cells release cytokines Activation of macrophage to kill microbes Lysis of infected cell

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When antigen enters… antigen

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Natural adaptive immunity

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Acquired Immunity Artificial adaptive immunity

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Active Acquired immunity Pathogen enters body Memory Th cells activate Killer T cells. Igs coat the pathogen before symptoms appear opsonization Active killer T cells phagocytose antigen. Pathogen encounters memory B cells and memory helper T (Th)cells Memory Helper T cells Memory B cells Memory B cells forms plasma cells which release immunoglobins (Igs)

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Immunity variations among different age groups

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Herd immunity is observed as a result of elimination of antigen propagation amongst population due to vaccination of the majority.

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Mucosal Immunity

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The mucosal immune system protects the internal surfaces of the body The mucosal immune system ?GI tract ?Respiratory tract ?Urogenital tract ?exocrine glands associated with these organs In a healthy human adult, this local immune system contributes almost 80% of all immunocytes. These cells are accumulated in, or in transit between, various mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT), which together form the largest mammalian lymphoid organ system.

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Types of MALT: Depending in the region it is present

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Immunity conferred by vaccines

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Some interesting facts… Positive events of the day seem to have a stronger helpful impact on immune function. Having a good time on Monday still had a positive effect on the immune system by Wednesday. The frequent hand washing can break down the natural oils on the skin that serve as the first line (or layer) of defense for the immune system. Studies show that people who lack humor in their lives tend to have less protective immune responses. While the body needs some sunlight to produce vitamin D, too much sunshine can suppress the immune system.

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Thank you ? By : Disha ,Kanika, Teena

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