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| overdistention of the uterine (hydramnios, multiple pregnancy, macrosomia ) condition that interfere with contraction(leiomyomas) complications(PIH,anaemia, placenta |
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| Sepsis; Osteomyelitis; MRSA; Anaemia / Malnutrition; Malignant transformation; Pain and contractures; Calcification, Amyloidosis. Wound Assessment 1 ... |
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| Sickle cell anaemia. Cystic fibrosis. Haemophilia. Albinism. Some diseases require only one parent to be a carrier of the disease, the allele in that case … |
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| Vitamin B 12 Deficiency affects infants before mothers; Folate Deficiency assocn with megaloblastic anaemia, foetal malformations, IUGR, prematurity etc |
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| Microscopic haematuria (may need urology referral first)-All stage 5 (stage 4 should be discussed)-Those with functional consequence of CKD eg-anaemia, bone disease |
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| NERVOUS SYSTEM e.g.multiple sclerosis,CIDP; HAEMATOLOGIC e.g.autoimmune hemolytic anaemias,pernicious anaemia; RESPIRATORY e.g.COPD ,sarcoidosis |
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| Haemolytic anaemia in erythropoietic porphyrias may be treated by blood transfusion. Cutaneous photosensitivity may be treated by: Photoprotection, e.g. with broad-band |
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| PowerPoint Presentation on Sideropenic dysphagia in an adolescent. or PowerPoint Presentation on The definition of sideropenic dysphagia is clinical and biological: one symptom, an upper esophageal dysphagia; and one main biological manifestation, iron deficiency anaemia. In addition, a group of less importance features consist of changes in the skin and mucosa. In 1908 Plummer reported cases of esophageal spasm and in 1922 Vinson reported cases with anaemia and iron deficiency that he considered secondary to dysphagia. The webs are thin and transverse protruding towards the lumen of the esophagus. The etiopathogenesis of the syndrome and, more specifically, of the esophageal webs is unclear. A number of factors such as genetic, environmental, nutritional, immunological and infectious, acting in concert with the iron deficiency may all play an important role in the development of the syndrome.
The diagnosis is clinical with a progressive and longstanding dysphagia always associated with iron deficiency anaemia. Only 10 % of patients with these symptoms develop upper esophageal webs, and radiologic and endoscopic findings. The barium swallow study or, even better, the cine-esophagram are the most effective and useful methods for detecting the webs. The esophagoscopy shows the esophageal web as a thin diaphragm with pale, fragile or normal mucosa, that partially closes the lumen of the esophagus. In the majority of cases oral iron treatment quickly improves the dysphagia even before the anaemia is corrected, but there are very symptomatic cases with persistent dysphagia where the rupture and endoscopic dilation of the web is necessary. The prognosis is good, in spite of the fact that the syndrome is associated with an increased risk for pharynx and esophagus cancers.
At our knowledge only eight cases of Plummer-Vinson syndrome in children and adolescents have been reported. We describe a new case of this syndrome occurring in a 13-year-old boy. The nature of the condition and its relationship with iron deficiency are discussed. |
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| present and is frequently massive – can be associated with considerable discomfort, pain or indigestion. Features of anaemia – pallor, dyspnoea and tachycardia. Bruising |
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| With a good system in place for esa administration and adjustment and with regular audit most of your patients take care of themselves; 10-15% may have problems; Sepsis |
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